Age Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular Degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition and a leading cause of central vision loss among people age 50 and older. It involves the degeneration of the macula, the centre area of the retina that provides the sharp, central vision necessary for reading, driving and for clearly seeing objects.
There are two forms of AMD: wet (neovascular or exudative) and dry (atrophic). The most prevalent kind of AMD, dry AMD, is characterised by drusen (small yellowish deposits) buildup and macula thinning.
A less common but more severe form of AMD called wet AMD is defined by abnormal blood vessel development behind the retina that can leak blood or fluid. The symptoms include decreased central vision, and trouble seeing in low light. Regular eye exams are essential for early detection and management.
Management
Techniques
The current treatment of wet age related macular degeneration is intravitreal injections of specific medications in the eye. This is done in a sterile environment under topical anesthesia. The aim of treatment is to slow down the disease progression and to improve central vision.
Treatment of dry age related macular degeneration consists of healthy diet, specific vitamin supplements intake, smoking avoidance and regular follow up by a retina specialist for early detection if converted to the wet form.